Head
http://lookfordiagnosis.com/mesh_info.php?term=amnesia%2C+retrograde&lang=1 Retrieved 11/18/15
Retrograde and Anterograde Amnesia
Retrograde amnesia is memory loss prior to the time of brain injury. Anterograde amnesia is memory loss after time of brain injury. Both preserved and lost memories are considered retrograde, while anterograde is considered new information. The examiner will ask the patient questions regarding both past and present information.
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/167759154841712914/ Retrieved 11/18/15
Glasgow Coma Scale
The Glasgow Coma Scale is a reliable scoring system aimed at interpreting level of conscious in a person who has suffered a traumatic brain injury. This test also serves as a baseline to identify the severity of a traumatic brain injury.
Severe: 3-8 score
Moderate: 9-12 score
Mild: 13-15 score
Severe: 3-8 score
Moderate: 9-12 score
Mild: 13-15 score
https://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/tmj-and-cervical-spine/deck/6352026 Retrieved 11/18/15
Palpation Test
PP: Sitting
Examiner: Places finger on patient's ears and instructs to repeatedly open and close the mouth while pressure is applied in an anterior direction
Positive Finding: Pain or discomfort during opening and closing indication inflammation of the synovium of the TMJ
Examiner: Places finger on patient's ears and instructs to repeatedly open and close the mouth while pressure is applied in an anterior direction
Positive Finding: Pain or discomfort during opening and closing indication inflammation of the synovium of the TMJ
http://www.puckreport.com/2009/04/nhl-playoff-game-7-history.html Retrieved 11/18/15
Serial 7's
PP: Sitting or supine
Examiner: Asks the patient to count backwards from 100 by 7's.
Positive Finding: Patient's inability to perform the test may indicate working memory problems
Examiner: Asks the patient to count backwards from 100 by 7's.
Positive Finding: Patient's inability to perform the test may indicate working memory problems
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1NtDhHSGXEs Retrieved 11/18/15
Past Pointing Test
PP: Standing or sitting
Examiner: Extends arms and points straight ahead with fingers about 6 inches apart, ask patient to lift both arms overhead and bring down both arms to touch the examiner's fingers while keeping arms extended and repeat with eyes closed
Positive Finding: Patient's fingers will not line up with examiner's, indicating concussion or vestibular problems
Examiner: Extends arms and points straight ahead with fingers about 6 inches apart, ask patient to lift both arms overhead and bring down both arms to touch the examiner's fingers while keeping arms extended and repeat with eyes closed
Positive Finding: Patient's fingers will not line up with examiner's, indicating concussion or vestibular problems
http://bmsi.ru/doc/0c60858c-fd57-4abb-9de3-9cf2104d280b Retrieved 11/18/15
Romberg Test
PP: Standing
Examiner: Asks the patient to standing upright with eyes open and closed, with dominant foot forward and behind, and on one leg (bilaterally), and add an uneven surface
Positive Finding: If patient becomes unbalanced during any point within 30 seconds it may indicate peripheral neuropathy or vestibular disorders
Examiner: Asks the patient to standing upright with eyes open and closed, with dominant foot forward and behind, and on one leg (bilaterally), and add an uneven surface
Positive Finding: If patient becomes unbalanced during any point within 30 seconds it may indicate peripheral neuropathy or vestibular disorders
http://crashingpatient.com/medical-surgical/oral-medicine-and-dentistry.htm/
Loading Test
PP: Sitting
Examiner: Places a cotton ball between the molars on the uninvolved side and instructs the patient to bite down forcefully
Positive Finding: Pain on the involved side reflecting an anteriorly dislocated disc
Examiner: Places a cotton ball between the molars on the uninvolved side and instructs the patient to bite down forcefully
Positive Finding: Pain on the involved side reflecting an anteriorly dislocated disc
https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/Pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw225372 Retrieved 11/18/15
Hand Flip Test
PP: Sitting or standing
Examiner: Asks patient to place one hand over the next and flip one hand back and forth as fast as possible
Positive Finding: If the patient cannot perform the task it may indicate damage to the cerebellum
Examiner: Asks patient to place one hand over the next and flip one hand back and forth as fast as possible
Positive Finding: If the patient cannot perform the task it may indicate damage to the cerebellum
http://www.drxuacupuncture.com/?cat=1&paged=4 Retrieved 11/18/15
Tandem Walking Test
PP: Standing
Examiner: Instructs patient to walk heel-to-toe towards them
Positive Finding: Patient looses balance or falls to the side, indicating damage to the vision, lower or upper motor neurons, or lesions
Examiner: Instructs patient to walk heel-to-toe towards them
Positive Finding: Patient looses balance or falls to the side, indicating damage to the vision, lower or upper motor neurons, or lesions
Neck
Valsalva ManeuverPP: Sitting
Examiner: Ask the subject to take a deep breath and hold while bearing down, as if having a bowel movement Positive Finding: Increased pain due to increased intrathecal pressure (lesion, herniated disc, tumor, osteophyte) |
Cervical Compression/DistractionPP: Sitting
Examiner: Applies downward pressure on the top of the head, then slowly distracts the head from the trunk Positive Finding: Report of pain in upper extremity and release of pressure and pain with distraction from nerve root compression |
Spurling's TestPP: Sitting
Examiner: Has patient laterally flex the head and applies a downward force on the top of the head Positive Finding: Pain in the upper extremity towards the same side the head is laterally flexed from pressure on a nerve root and dermatomal distribution of the pain |
http://www.dynamicchiropractic.com/mpacms/dc/art Retrieved 11/3/15
Shoulder Depression TestPP: Sitting
Examiner: Laterally flexes the head and applies downward pressure on the opposite shoulder Positive Finding: Pain on the same side as compression indicates compression of the nerve root or foraminal irritation, pain on opposite side of compression indicates hypomobile joint capsule or nerve sleeve irritation |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y17PJKOmRYM Retrieved 11/3/15
Vertebral Artery TestPP: Supine with head supported by examiner
Examiner: Slowly extends, rotates, and laterally flexes the head to each side Positive Finding: Observe for dizziness, blurred vision, nystagmus, slurred speech, or loss of consciousness indicating partial or complete occlusion of the vertebral artery |
http://www.gotranslate.xyz/tinel+S?s=tinel+S Retrieved 11/3/15
Tinel's SignPP: Sitting or supine
Examiner: Gently tap cervical area anterior to transverse process of C6 Positive Finding: Change in sensation to upper extremity, increased pain or absence of sensation from brachial plexus pathology |
Konin, Jeff G. Special Tests For Orthopedic Examination. Thorofare, NY: SLACK, 2006. Print. Retrieved 11/18/15